| 1 |
Isaac Newton |
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12/12 |
1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
- Claude Opus 5.5 (#1) Laws of motion, universal gravitation, calculus, optics—founded modern physics.
- GPT-6.1 Sol (#1) Unified terrestrial and celestial mechanics, formulated gravitation, and transformed mathematics and optics.
- Gemini 4 Argon (#1) Formulated the laws of motion, universal gravitation, and co-invented calculus, establishing classical mechanics.
- Qwen 3.8 Max (#1) Founded classical mechanics, calculus, and universal gravitation; unmatched synthesis.
- DeepSeek V4 Pro (#1) Unified physics with calculus and laws of motion; single greatest scientific leap.
- GLM-5.3 (#1) Unified mechanics, gravitation, and optics; founded modern physics and calculus.
- Grok 4.7 (#1) Laws of motion, gravity, and calculus founded modern physics.
- Muse Wonder (#1) Founded classical mechanics, gravitation, calculus, and modern scientific method.
- Kimi K3 (#1) Unified celestial and terrestrial mechanics; invented calculus; unmatched scientific revolution.
- MiniMax M3 (#1) Universal gravitation, calculus, and classical mechanics unified physics.
- Mistral Large 4 (#1) Laws of motion and gravity laid the foundation for modern physics.
- Nemotron 3 Ultra (#1) Founded classical mechanics and calculus
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| 2 |
Albert Einstein |
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12/12 |
2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 |
- Claude Opus 5.5 (#2) Special and general relativity, photoelectric effect; reshaped space, time, gravity.
- GPT-6.1 Sol (#2) Revolutionized space, time, gravity, and quantum physics through profound theoretical breakthroughs.
- Gemini 4 Argon (#2) Developed the theories of relativity, fundamentally transforming humanity's understanding of space, time, and gravity.
- Qwen 3.8 Max (#2) Relativity redefined space, time, gravity, and cosmology fundamentally.
- DeepSeek V4 Pro (#2) Redefined space, time, and gravity; relativity reshaped modern physics.
- GLM-5.3 (#2) Relativity transformed space, time, and our understanding of the universe.
- Grok 4.7 (#2) Relativity and quantum insights remade space, time, and energy.
- Muse Wonder (#2) Relativity and quantum contributions reshaped space, time, gravity, cosmology.
- Kimi K3 (#2) Relativity transformed space, time, gravity, and energy; iconic theoretical breakthroughs.
- MiniMax M3 (#2) Revolutionized physics with relativity, reshaping space, time, and energy.
- Mistral Large 4 (#2) Theory of relativity revolutionized our understanding of space, time, and energy.
- Nemotron 3 Ultra (#2) Revolutionized physics with relativity
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| 3 |
Charles Darwin |
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12/12 |
3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 |
- Claude Opus 5.5 (#3) Natural selection unified biology and explained life's diversity.
- GPT-6.1 Sol (#3) Established evolution by natural selection, fundamentally transforming humanity’s understanding of life.
- Gemini 4 Argon (#3) Established the theory of evolution by natural selection, unifying the biological sciences.
- Qwen 3.8 Max (#3) Natural selection transformed biology into a unified explanatory science.
- DeepSeek V4 Pro (#3) Natural selection explained the origin and diversity of all life.
- GLM-5.3 (#3) Evolution by natural selection unified all biology.
- Grok 4.7 (#3) Natural selection explained life's diversity with one unifying mechanism.
- Muse Wonder (#3) Evolution by natural selection unified and transformed all biology.
- Kimi K3 (#3) Natural selection explained all life's diversity; biology's unifying foundation.
- MiniMax M3 (#3) Evolution by natural selection transformed biology and human self-understanding.
- Mistral Large 4 (#3) Theory of evolution by natural selection transformed biology and our view of life.
- Nemotron 3 Ultra (#3) Established evolution by natural selection
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| 4 |
Galileo Galilei |
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12/12 |
5 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 6 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 5 |
- GPT-6.1 Sol (#4) Pioneered experimental mechanics and telescopic astronomy, decisively advancing the scientific revolution.
- Gemini 4 Argon (#4) Pioneered the scientific method and observational astronomy, championing heliocentrism.
- Qwen 3.8 Max (#4) Pioneered experimental method and modern astronomy against established dogma.
- DeepSeek V4 Pro (#4) Founded experimental science and proved heliocentrism through observation.
- Grok 4.7 (#4) Observation and experiment established the modern scientific method.
- Muse Wonder (#4) Pioneered experimental astronomy, motion, and evidence-based scientific revolution.
- Kimi K3 (#4) Pioneered experimental method and telescopic astronomy; father of modern science.
- MiniMax M3 (#4) Pioneered experimental method and modern astronomy against ancient authority.
- Mistral Large 4 (#4) Father of modern observational astronomy and experimental science.
- Claude Opus 5.5 (#5) Pioneered experimental method and telescopic astronomy.
- Nemotron 3 Ultra (#5) Father of modern observational astronomy
- GLM-5.3 (#6) Father of modern science; combined experiment with mathematics and astronomy.
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| 5 |
Marie Curie |
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12/12 |
7 | 6 | 5 | 6 | 5 | 4 | 6 | 5 | 6 | 6 | 5 | 4 |
- GLM-5.3 (#4) Pioneered radioactivity; won two Nobel Prizes in physics and chemistry.
- Nemotron 3 Ultra (#4) Pioneered radioactivity research, two Nobel Prizes
- Gemini 4 Argon (#5) Pioneered research on radioactivity and became the first person to win two Nobel Prizes.
- DeepSeek V4 Pro (#5) Pioneered radioactivity research; first double Nobel winner in two sciences.
- Muse Wonder (#5) Discovered radioactivity and two elements; pioneered nuclear physics and chemistry.
- GPT-6.1 Sol (#6) Pioneered radioactivity research, discovered polonium and radium, and transformed physics and chemistry.
- Qwen 3.8 Max (#6) Discovered radioactivity and polonium; two Nobel Prizes across sciences.
- Grok 4.7 (#6) Discovered radioactivity and isolated new radioactive elements.
- Kimi K3 (#6) Discovered radioactivity and two elements; only person with Nobels in two sciences.
- MiniMax M3 (#6) Pioneered radioactivity research and won two Nobel Prizes in sciences.
- Claude Opus 5.5 (#7) Discovered radioactivity's nature, polonium, radium; two Nobel Prizes.
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| 6 |
James Clerk Maxwell |
|
12/12 |
4 | 5 | 6 | 5 | 6 | 5 | 5 | 6 | 5 | 5 | 8 | 7 |
- Claude Opus 5.5 (#4) Unified electricity, magnetism, and light in elegant equations.
- GPT-6.1 Sol (#5) Unified electricity, magnetism, and light, laying foundations for modern physics and communications.
- Qwen 3.8 Max (#5) Unified electricity, magnetism, and light; foundation of modern physics.
- GLM-5.3 (#5) Electromagnetism equations unified light, electricity, and magnetism.
- Grok 4.7 (#5) Unified electricity, magnetism, and light in field theory.
- Kimi K3 (#5) Unified electricity, magnetism, and light; enabled all modern electromagnetic technology.
- MiniMax M3 (#5) Unified electricity, magnetism, and light into electromagnetic theory.
- Gemini 4 Argon (#6) Formulated the classical theory of electromagnetic radiation, unifying electricity, magnetism, and light.
- DeepSeek V4 Pro (#6) Unified electricity and magnetism; equations underpin all electromagnetism.
- Muse Wonder (#6) Electromagnetism equations unified light, electricity, magnetism; enabled modern technology.
- Nemotron 3 Ultra (#7) Unified electricity, magnetism, and light
- Mistral Large 4 (#8) Unified electricity, magnetism, and light into elegant electromagnetic theory.
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| 7 |
Louis Pasteur |
|
12/12 |
9 | 9 | 7 | 8 | 8 | 7 | 8 | 8 | 7 | 10 | 7 | 8 |
- Gemini 4 Argon (#7) Proved the germ theory of disease and developed life-saving vaccines and pasteurization.
- GLM-5.3 (#7) Germ theory and pasteurization revolutionized medicine and saved millions.
- Kimi K3 (#7) Germ theory and vaccines revolutionized medicine; saved countless lives.
- Mistral Large 4 (#7) Germ theory and vaccines saved countless lives and founded microbiology.
- Qwen 3.8 Max (#8) Germ theory and vaccines revolutionized medicine and saved millions.
- DeepSeek V4 Pro (#8) Established germ theory, vaccination, and pasteurization; saved millions.
- Grok 4.7 (#8) Germ theory, pasteurization, and vaccines transformed medicine.
- Muse Wonder (#8) Germ theory, vaccination, pasteurization revolutionized medicine and microbiology.
- Nemotron 3 Ultra (#8) Founded microbiology and germ theory
- Claude Opus 5.5 (#9) Germ theory, vaccines, pasteurization saved countless lives.
- GPT-6.1 Sol (#9) Established microbial causes of disease and fermentation, pioneering vaccination and transforming medicine.
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| 8 |
Michael Faraday |
|
9/12 |
8 | 7 | 8 | 7 | 10 | | 7 | 10 | | 7 | | 9 |
- GPT-6.1 Sol (#7) Discovered electromagnetic induction and developed field concepts central to physics and electrical technology.
- Qwen 3.8 Max (#7) Electromagnetic induction enabled the electric age through brilliant experimentation.
- Grok 4.7 (#7) Experimental genius behind electromagnetism and field concepts.
- MiniMax M3 (#7) Founded electromagnetism and electrochemistry with fundamental experimental discoveries.
- Claude Opus 5.5 (#8) Electromagnetic induction and field concept powered the electrical age.
- Gemini 4 Argon (#8) Discovered electromagnetic induction and laid the experimental foundations for electric power technology.
- Muse Wonder (#10) Electromagnetic induction and field concepts enabled electricity age.
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| 9 |
Nikola Tesla |
|
8/12 |
| | 9 | 10 | 7 | 9 | | | 8 | 9 | 6 | 6 |
- Nemotron 3 Ultra (#6) Mastered alternating current and electromagnetism
- DeepSeek V4 Pro (#7) Revolutionized alternating current and electromagnetic technology.
- Gemini 4 Argon (#9) Pioneered the modern alternating current electrical supply system and wireless communication technologies.
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| 10 |
Niels Bohr |
|
7/12 |
| 10 | 10 | 9 | 9 | 8 | | 7 | 10 | | | |
- Muse Wonder (#7) Atomic structure and quantum theory foundations shaped modern physics.
- GLM-5.3 (#8) Founded quantum theory and atomic structure; shaped modern physics.
- Qwen 3.8 Max (#9) Quantum atomic structure shaped modern physics and chemistry.
- DeepSeek V4 Pro (#9) Quantum model of the atom and foundational quantum mechanics contributions.
- GPT-6.1 Sol (#10) Transformed atomic theory and helped establish the conceptual foundations of quantum mechanics.
- Gemini 4 Argon (#10) Made foundational contributions to understanding atomic structure and the development of quantum mechanics.
- Kimi K3 (#10) Founded quantum mechanics' interpretation; atomic model transformed physics and chemistry.
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| 11 |
Aristotle |
|
2/12 |
6 | | | | | | | | | | 9 | |
- Claude Opus 5.5 (#6) Systematized empirical inquiry across biology, physics, and logic.
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| 12 |
Antoine Lavoisier |
|
2/12 |
10 | 8 | | | | | | | | | | |
- GPT-6.1 Sol (#8) Established modern chemistry through quantitative experimentation, conservation of mass, and combustion theory.
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| 13 |
Nicolaus Copernicus |
|
1/12 |
| | | | | | | | | 8 | | |
- MiniMax M3 (#8) Heliocentric model launched the scientific revolution in cosmology.
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| 14 |
Dmitri Mendeleev |
|
2/12 |
| | | | | 10 | 9 | | | | | |
- Grok 4.7 (#9) Periodic table organized chemistry and predicted unknown elements.
- GLM-5.3 (#10) Periodic table organized all chemical knowledge and predicted new elements.
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| 15 |
Alan Turing |
|
1/12 |
| | | | | | | | 9 | | | |
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